ABSTRACT
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has challenged emergency management in cities all around the world. Many cities have adopted restrictive, one-size-fits-all spatial regulations such as lockdowns without full consideration of people's daily activities and local economies. The unintended detrimental effects of existing epidemic regulations on socioeconomic sustainability necessitate a transition from lockdown to precise prevention. Precise prevention argues epidemic regulations should be spatially and temporally precise, taking the characteristics of local residents and facilities into consideration. It also aims to balance epidemic prevention and the demand of daily activities and local economies. The aim of this study is to propose a framework of and key procedures to decide precise prevention regulations from the perspective 15-Minute City and spatiotemporal planning. Through the delineation 15-minute neighborhoods, identification and reconfiguration of facility supply and activity demand, and cost-benefit analysis, alternative regulations of lockdowns are determined, which are precise in space and time, and highly adaptive for different types of facility. A case in a Jiulong 15-minute neighborhood, Beijing, is demonstrated to show the deciding process of precise prevention regulations. Precise prevention regulations emphasize satisfaction of essential activity demand and adaptation to different facility types, times, and neighbourhoods, providing meaningful implications for long-term urban planning and urban management.
ABSTRACT
The outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic affected the everyday lives of people. Recent studies have found that Internet use increased during lockdowns and helped people cope with spatial constraints on daily activity. However, long‐term implications on the digitalization of everyday life are still unknown. This study aims to improve the understanding of changes in Internet use during and after lockdown and how these changes relate to home activity and activity context. We draw on a case study of pre‐, mid‐ and post‐lockdown periods in Shuangjing Subdistrict, Beijing. We find that Internet use increased during and after the lockdown, indicating a persistent effect. Home activity mediated the increase in Internet use, suggesting that people stayed at home engaging in more Internet use when restrictions were eased. Work activity and family affairs strengthened the positive impact on Internet use during the lockdown. The influence on Internet use differed depending on sociodemographic characteristics.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic challenged emergency management in cities worldwide. Many municipalities adopted restrictive, one-size-fits-all spatial regulations such as lockdowns without fully considering the inhabitants' daily activities and local economies. The existing epidemic regulations' unintended detrimental effects on socioeconomic sustainability necessitate a transition from the "lockdown" approach to more precise disease prevention. A spatially and temporally precise approach that balances epidemic prevention with the demands of daily activities and local economies is needed. Thus, the aim of this study was to propose a framework and key procedures for determining precise prevention regulations from the perspectives of the 15-minute city concept and spatiotemporal planning. Alternative regulations of lockdowns were determined by delineating 15-minute neighborhoods, identifying and reconfiguring facility supplies and activity demands in both normal and epidemic conditions, and performing cost-benefit analyses. Highly adaptable, spatially- and temporally-precise regulations can match the needs of different types of facilities. We demonstrated the process for determining precise prevention regulations in the case of the Jiulong 15-minute neighborhood in Beijing. Precise prevention regulations-which meet essential activity demands and are adaptable for different facility types, times, and neighborhoods-have implications for long-term urban planning and emergency management.
ABSTRACT
The outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic affected the everyday lives of people. Recent studies have found that Internet use increased during lockdowns and helped people cope with spatial constraints on daily activity. However, long‐term implications on the digitalization of everyday life are still unknown. This study aims to improve the understanding of changes in Internet use during and after lockdown and how these changes relate to home activity and activity context. We draw on a case study of pre‐, mid‐ and post‐lockdown periods in Shuangjing Subdistrict, Beijing. We find that Internet use increased during and after the lockdown, indicating a persistent effect. Home activity mediated the increase in Internet use, suggesting that people stayed at home engaging in more Internet use when restrictions were eased. Work activity and family affairs strengthened the positive impact on Internet use during the lockdown. The influence on Internet use differed depending on sociodemographic characteristics. [ FROM AUTHOR]
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has rapidly spread throughout the world and become a major threat to human beings. Cytokine storm is a major cause of death in severe patients. Abatacept can suppress cytokines used as antirheumatic drugs in clinical applications. This study analyzed the molecular mechanisms of abatacept treatment for COVID-19. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by analyzing expression profiling of abatacept treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and SARS-CoV-2 infection patients. We found that 59 DEGs were upregulated in COVID-19 patients and downregulated following abatacept treatment. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that immune and inflammatory responses were potential regulatory mechanisms. Moreover, we verified 8 targeting genes and identified 15 potential drug candidates for the treatment of COVID-19. Our study illustrated that abatacept could be a promising property for preventing severe COVID-19, and we predicted alternative potential drugs for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection.